Zero Trust

"Never Trust, Always Verify"

Eliminate implicit trust. Every user, device, and connection must prove its legitimacy—CEO or contractor, inside or outside the network.

Origin: John Kindervag (Forrester, 2010)

The Forrester Insight

"Trust is a human emotion that has no place in digital security. Trust is a vulnerability."

— John Kindervag

Traditional security operated on a "castle-and-moat" model: hard perimeter, soft interior. Once you were "inside" (on the corporate network), you were trusted.

This model is dead. Remote work, cloud services, mobile devices, and supply chains have dissolved the perimeter. Zero Trust assumes adversaries are already inside. Every request must prove its legitimacy.

Core Principles

Continuous Verification

Never trust, always verify. Every request is authenticated, authorized, and encrypted.

Least Privilege

Grant minimum access needed. Time-bound, scope-limited, just-in-time permissions.

Assume Breach

Design as if attackers are already inside. Limit blast radius, detect lateral movement.

Micro-Segmentation

Divide network into isolated zones. Breach one segment, not the whole kingdom.

Identity is the New Perimeter

KEY INSIGHT

The network perimeter is gone. Your employees work from coffee shops, contractors access sensitive systems from other continents, and your infrastructure runs in someone else's data center.

In Zero Trust, identity becomes the perimeter. Every access decision is based on:

Who you are

Strong identity verification (MFA, biometrics)

What device

Device health, certificates, posture

What context

Location, time, behavioral patterns

Common Misconception

"Trust but verify" is NOT Zero Trust. That's still implicit trust with occasional checks.

Zero Trust means: Never trust, ALWAYS verify—continuously, for every request, regardless of source.